Statements

Types

Declaration

int i = 0; //Declare i

Expression

i + 3; // Relatively useless foo(); // Possibly useful

Compound Statement

{
    int a = 1;
    int b = 2;
}

If Statements

if (init_statement; condition)
    then_statement
else
    else_statement

Note that brackets are not required, but else will associate itself with the nearest if without else

if (cond0)
    if (cond1)
else // despite indent, associated with cond1

Switch Statement

switch(computeVal()){
    case 1:
        doBla();
    case 2: 
        doBla2();
        break;
    default:
        doDefaultBla();
        break;
}

Note that without a break, the code goes further, so in case 1, doBla() and doBla2() will be executed.

While Loop

Tl;Dr Do While loops at least once

while(condition){ //Evaluate Pre Statement Execution
    //Stuff
}

do{
    //Stuff
}
while(condition); //Evaluate Post Statement Execution